word formation 指“构词/词的形成方式”:语言中通过各种规则与手段创造新词或生成词形的过程与方法(如派生、复合、转类、缩略等)。在语言学语境下也可泛指“词汇构成与新词产生机制”。
/ˈwɝːd fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/
Word formation helps learners guess the meaning of new vocabulary.
构词知识能帮助学习者推测生词的含义。
In English word formation, prefixes and suffixes often change a word’s meaning or part of speech, which is why “happy,” “unhappy,” and “happiness” are closely related but used differently.
在英语构词中,前缀和后缀常常改变词义或词性,因此“happy”“unhappy”和“happiness”意义相关却用法不同。
word 来自古英语 word(“词、言语”);formation 来自拉丁语 formatio(“塑造、形成”),源于 formare(“使成形”)。合起来 word formation 字面意思是“词的形成/塑造”,后来在语言学中固定指“构词法/构词过程”。